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1.
Psicol. soc. (Online) ; 34: e258221, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422444

ABSTRACT

Resumo Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar as contribuições do ensino dos estudos da deficiência (disability studies) para a formação em psicologia na perspectiva das/os participantes de uma disciplina intitulada "Psicologia e Pessoas com Deficiência". O lócus da pesquisa foi um curso de Psicologia de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil. As informações foram obtidas por meio de questionário sociodemográfico e entrevista semiestruturada com quatorze pessoas que cursaram a disciplina e analisadas a partir da técnica de análise temática. Os resultados indicaram que a disciplina contribuiu para: a apropriação do modelo social da deficiência e das contribuições dos estudos feministas da deficiência; a identificação das pessoas com deficiência como sujeitos políticos; a ampliação da percepção das barreiras sociais; a apropriação de alguns elementos da legislação brasileira sobre a deficiência. Destaca-se a relevância de os estudos da deficiência serem incluídos no currículo para a formação em psicologia na perspectiva dos direitos humanos.


Resumen Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las contribuciones de la enseñanza de los estudios de la discapacidad a la formación en psicología desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes en una disciplina titulada "Psicología y Personas con Discapacidad". El lugar de la investigación fue un curso de Psicología en una universidad pública del sur de Brasil. La información se obtuvo mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario sociodemográfico y una entrevista semiestructurada a catorce personas que asistieron al curso y se analizaron mediante la técnica de análisis temático. Los resultados indicaron que la disciplina contribuyó a: la apropiación del modelo social de la discapacidad y los aportes de los estudios feministas; la identificación de personas con discapacidad como sujetos políticos; la ampliación de la percepción de barreras sociales; la apropiación de algunos elementos de la legislación brasileña sobre discapacidad. Se destaca la relevancia de la inclusión de los estudios sobre discapacidad en el currículo de formación en Psicología desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos.


Abstract This research aimed to identify the contributions of teaching disability studies to training in psychology from the perspective of participants in a discipline entitled Psychology and People with Disabilities. The locus of the research was a psychology course at a public university in southern Brazil. Information was obtained through the application of a sociodemographic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with fourteen people who attended the course and analyzed using the thematic analysis technique. The results showed that the knowledge obtained in the discipline contributed to: the appropriation of the social model of disability and the contributions of feminist disability studies; the identification of disabled people as political people; the expansion of the perception of social barriers and; the appropriation of some elements of the Brazilian legislation on disability. Finally, it emphasizes the relevance of disability studies being included in the curriculum for training in psychology from the perspective of human rights.


Subject(s)
Teaching/psychology , Social Discrimination
2.
J. Card. Arrhythm. (Impr.) ; 34(3): 113-119, Dec., 2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359638

ABSTRACT

Case report of a 49-year-old patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, very symptomatic, with apparent parahisian pathway who, during an electrophysiological study, presented orthodromic atrioventricular tachycardia, featuring two accessory pathways, retrogradely, the parahisian pathway and a hidden left posterolateral pathway, during the same tachycardia, alternating the retrograde pathway of tachycardia without interruption.


Subject(s)
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome , Catheter Ablation , Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle
3.
Clinics ; 76: e2518, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153969

ABSTRACT

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) showed increased morbidity and mortality rates and worse prognosis in individuals with underlying chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease and its risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. There is also evidence of possible links among COVID-19, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Emerging evidence suggests a pro-inflammatory milieu and hypercoagulable state in patients with this infection. Despite anticoagulation, a large proportion of patients requiring intensive care may develop life-threatening thrombotic complications. Indeed, the levels of some markers of hemostatic activation, such as D-dimer, are commonly elevated in COVID-19, indicating potential risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. In this review, we critically examine and discuss aspects of hypercoagulability and inflammation in COVID-19 and the possible benefits of statins in this scenario, with emphasis on their underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we present recommendations on the use of antiviral drugs in combination with statins.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thrombosis , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Betacoronavirus , Inflammation/drug therapy , Anticoagulants/adverse effects
4.
Clinics ; 76: e2342, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286087

ABSTRACT

Among the multiple uncertainties surrounding the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a research letter published in The Lancet implicated drugs that antagonize the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in an unfavorable prognosis of COVID-19. This report prompted investigations to identify mechanisms by which blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) could lead to serious consequences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The possible association between RAAS inhibitors use and unfavorable prognosis in this disease may have been biased by the presence of underlying cardiovascular diseases. As the number of COVID-19 cases has increased worldwide, it has now become possible to investigate the association between RAAS inhibitors and unfavorable prognosis in larger cohorts. Observational studies and one randomized clinical trial failed to identify any consistent association between the use of these drugs and unfavorable prognosis in COVID-19. In view of the accumulated clinical evidence, several scientific societies recommend that treatment with RAAS inhibitors should not be discontinued in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (unless contraindicated). This recommendation should be followed by clinicians and patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Coronavirus , COVID-19 , Renin-Angiotensin System , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism , Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/adverse effects , SARS-CoV-2
6.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 56(3): 258-269, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-785753

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Prevalence of low back pain (LBP) is expected to increase worldwide with aging of the population but its prevalence in older people is not clear, mainly in developing countries. Objective To estimate the prevalence of LBP in older Brazilians. Methods Electronic searches on SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL, as well as hand-searching identified studies investigating prevalence of LBP in older Brazilians aged 60 years or over. Two independent reviewers selected studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria, assessed risk of bias for each included study and extracted relevant data. Meta-analysis was conducted when enough homogeneity allowed and the GRADE system was used to summarize the overall quality of the evidence. Results Sixteen studies were included with a total of 28,448 participants. Data from point- and period-prevalence of LBP were obtained. Meta-analysis was conducted for 13 studies reporting point-prevalence. Pooled point-prevalence of LBP was 25.0% (95% CI 18.0–32.0). Other three studies investigated period-prevalence: one-week prevalence = 15.0% (95% CI 13.0–18.0); six-month prevalence = 43.0% (95% CI 42.0–44.0); and 12-month prevalence = 13.0% (95% CI 11.0–16.0). Sensitivity analyses were performed for point-prevalence and exclusion of studies with poorer methodological quality tended to increase the estimated prevalence of LBP. Conclusion Moderate-quality evidence showed that at any point in time one in four older Brazilians suffers from LBP. This was the first systematic review investigating nationwide data on the prevalence of LBP in older people and contributes important clinical and epidemiological evidence for policymakers.


Resumo A prevalência de lombalgia deverá aumentar em todo o mundo com o envelhecimento da população, mas sua prevalência em idosos não é clara, principalmente, em países em desenvolvimento.Estimar a prevalência de lombalgia em idosos brasileiros.Foram feitas buscas eletrônicas nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, Medline, Embase e Cinahl, bem como uma busca manual de estudos que investigaram a prevalência de lombalgia em idosos brasileiros com 60 anos ou mais. Dois revisores independentes selecionaram os estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, avaliaram o risco de viés de cada estudo incluído e extraíram os dados relevantes. Foi feita uma metanálise quando houve homogeneidade suficiente entre os estudos e o sistema Grade foi usado para resumir a qualidade geral das evidências.Foram incluídos 16 estudos originais com um total de 28.448 participantes. Foram obtidos dados de prevalência pontual e prevalência no período da lombalgia. Foi feita metanálise de 13 estudos que reportaram a prevalência pontual. A prevalência pontual agrupada de lombalgia foi de 25% = 15% (IC 95% 18 a 32). Outros três estudos investigaram a prevalência no período: em uma semana (IC 95% 13 a 18); em seis meses = 43% (95% IC 42 a 44); e em 12 meses = 13% (IC 95% 11 a 16). Foram feitas análises sensitivas da prevalência pontual e a exclusão de estudos com baixa qualidade metodológica aumentou a prevalência estimada de lombalgia.Evidências de qualidade moderada mostram que em um dado momento no tempo um em cada quatro idosos brasileiros apresenta lombalgia. Esta foi a primeira revisão sistemática que investigou dados nacionais sobre a prevalência de lombalgia em pessoas idosas, contribuindo com importantes evidências clínicas e epidemiológicas para os gestores e profissionais de saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Low Back Pain/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence
7.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 22(2): 13-18, jan.-mar.2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733935

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a concordância de três instrumentos de medidas de amplitude da coluna cervical. A amostra foi constituída por quarenta e uma mulheres universitárias (20,8 ± 2,2 anos, 1,78 ± 0,07 m, 57,1 ±11,3 kg) as quais foram avaliadas pelos diferentes instrumentos de medida (inclinômetro marca Lafayette, flexímetro marca Sanny e flexímetro marca Code) nos movimentos de flexão e extensão da coluna cervical. Todas as medidas foram realizadas no período da manhã, por um único avaliador experiente e familiarizado com os procedimentos de coleta e a ordem de medida foi idêntica para todas as participantes. Não houve diferenças significantes na extensão da coluna cervical entre os três instrumentos, com valores de concordância próximos de zero (-0,04 < d < 0,31), todavia, com coeficientes de determinação baixos (0,64 < R2 < 0,71). O movimento de flexão da coluna cervical, embora com valores de concordância também próximos de zero (-0,2 < d < -1,6), apresentou diferenças significantes entre os instrumentos (Inclinômetro vs Flexímetros Code e Sanny), com coeficientes de determinação mais baixos (0,01 < R2 < 0,41). Concluímos que os instrumentos apresentam diferença nos escores produzidos, especificamente, em relação ao movimento de flexão da coluna cervical de mulheres universitárias. Em casos de aplicação clínica, qualquer um dos instrumentos pode ser empregado para avaliação. Entretanto, para a flexão da coluna cervical, deve haver certa cautela quanto à escolha do instrumento, tendo em vista a diferença existente entre os escores produzidos.


The purpose of the present study was to compare and analyze the agreement of three equipments of cervical spine range of motion assessment. The sample was composed by forty-one college women (20.8 ± 2.2 years, 1.78 ± 0.07 m, 57.1 ±11.3 kg), who were evaluated by the different equipments (Lafayette inclinometer, Sanny and Code fleximeters) in flexion and extension of cervical spine. All the measures were performed in the morning period, by an experienced technician and conversant with the data procedures, and the measurement order was identical for all the participants. There were no significant differences among scores produced by the three instruments for extension (median=63 degrees; p = 0.95), with concordance scores around zero (-0,04 < d < 0,31), however, with low determination and explanation coefficients (0,64 < R2 < 0,71). For the flexion of cervical spine, although with concordance scores around zero (-0,2 < d < -1,6), there were significant differences between the equipments (Inclinometer vs Fleximeters (Code and Sanny). We concluded that the equipments present differences over the scores, specifically on the flexion of cervical spine in college women.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Range of Motion, Articular , Spinal Curvatures , Spine , Adolescent , Universities , Women
8.
Rev. educ. fis ; 24(4): 609-616, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-711190

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é comparar e analisar a concordância de três instrumentos de medidas (inclinômetro marca Lafayette, flexímetro marca Sanny e flexímetro marca Code) nos movimentos de flexão e extensão da coluna cervical. A amostra foi composta por 41 homens universitários (20,8 ± 2,2 anos, 1,78 ± 0,07 m, 57,1 ±11,3 kg). Para a análise dos dados, utilizaram-se ANOVA one-way, concordância de Bland e Atlman, análise de regressão múltipla, correlação de Spearman, adotando-se uma significância de 5%. Não houve diferenças significantes entre os valores de amplitude de movimento avaliados pelos diferentes instrumentos para a flexão (mediana=63 graus; P=0,95) e extensão da coluna cervical (mediana=73 graus; P=0,90). Para todos os instrumentos, foram observados valores de concordância, entre as análises, próximos de zero (-0,34< < 0,26). Conclui-se que os valores de amplitude de movimento não diferem entre os instrumentos, possibilitando a comparação de medidas realizadas por eles, especificamente para universitários do sexo masculino.


The purpose of the present study was to compare and analyze the concordance of three instruments (Inclinometer Lafayette, fleximeter Sanny, and fleximeter Code) in flexion and extension of cervical spine. The sample was composed by forty-one college men (20.8 ± 2.2 years, 1.78 ± 0.07 m, 57.1 ±11.3 kg). For statistical analyses ANOVA one-way, Bland and Atlman procedures, multiple regression analysis, and Spearman correlation coefficient were employed, with P< 0.05. According to the results, there were no significant differences among scores produced by the three instruments for flexion (median=63 degrees; P=0.95) and extension of cervical spine (median=73degrees; P=0.90), and concordance scores, between the analyzes, near zero (-0.34< < 0.26). The results of this study indicate that the fleximeter Code, fleximeter Sanny, and inclinometer Lafayette measurement values are consistent, which allows comparisons between themselves and using similar cutoffs, specifically for healthy male college students, in flexion and extension of cervical spine, specifically for college men.

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